EBRD has actively engaged in over 15 municipal projects across Ukraine, covering sectors such as solid waste management, public transport, and centralized district heating in more than 10 cities. The ongoing war has caused increased operational expenditures for cities and municipal utilities, creating an urgent need for emergency support to mitigate the impacts of conflict and recent shelling. Projects in Kharkiv, Dnipro, Odesa, Kremenchuk, and Kyiv were particularly affected. There was an immediate need to strengthen municipal capacity in managing environmental, social, health, and safety (ESHS) issues in line with EBRD Environmental and Social Policy requirements.